The Different Meanings and Uses of Economic Efficiency

The Different Meanings and Uses of Economic Efficiency As a rule, monetary productivity alludes to a market result that is ideal for society. Â In the setting of government assistance financial aspects, a result that is monetarily effective is one that boosts the size of the monetary worth pie that a market makes for society. Â In a monetarily productive market result, there are no accessible Pareto upgrades to be made, and the result fulfills what is known as the Kaldor-Hicks rule. All the more explicitly, financial effectiveness is a term ordinarily utilized in microeconomics while talking about creation. Creation of a unit of merchandise is viewed as financially proficient when that unit of products is delivered at the most minimal conceivable expense. Financial matters by Parkin and Bade give a valuable prologue to the contrast between monetary effectiveness and mechanical proficiency: There are two ideas of effectiveness: Technological productivity happens when it is beyond the realm of imagination to expect to build yield without expanding inputs. Financial productivity happens when the expense of creating a given yield is as low as possible.Technological proficiency is a building matter. Given what is innovatively doable, something should or can't be possible. Monetary effectiveness relies upon the costs of the elements of creation. Something that is mechanically effective may not be monetarily productive. However, something that is monetarily effective is in every case innovatively productive. A key point to comprehend is the possibility that monetary productivity happens when the expense of creating a given yield is as low as could reasonably be expected. Theres a shrouded supposition here, and that is the presumption that all else being equivalent. A change that brings down the nature of the great while simultaneously brings down the expense of creation doesn't increment financial effectiveness. The idea of monetary effectiveness is just significant when the nature of products being created is unaltered.

History of education Essay

â€Å"Education driven by energy stirs us to a world greater than ourselves and intrigues us. Learning becomes self-continuing as it changes from a necessity to a craving. † First of all, what is a globalization instruction? A Globalization is a progression of social, efficient, instructive, ethnological, social, and political changes that advance relationship and development. Globalization increases the expectation of living in creating nations, spreads innovative information, and increments political freedom. The primary driver of globalization is impact from other, progressively created, nations. Globalization is a verifiable procedure that outcomes from human advancement and innovative advancement. Imagination and innovation are significant as information. Particularly innovation since it had helped from multiple points of view with trainings. To me training is information, achievement, knowledge, accomplishment. Training is the best since you can likewise instruct others. I can simply say that a few people didn’t have instruction are only fortunate to become what their identity is. For instance, Thomas Edison, Henry Ford and numerous other super achievers never completed evaluation school. In any case, They succeeded in light of the fact that they realized how to inquire about, how to make certain exercises to make them what their identity is. They likewise gather data for a chose undertaking and procedure information. Study hall condition doesn't work that way, it centers around the assortment of information without an unmistakable reason, other than high class grades. On the off chance that the reason doesn't propel, other than to satisfy the instructor, at that point there is nothing to process outside of retaining answers for test. The commonplace understudy is scholarly tested while being inspiration starved. Absence of inspiration is absence of information handling abilities. The run of the mill college alumni will have an expert aptitude that provisions life’s essential needs. Furthermore, the globalization training on the planet is the most impressive thing that can exist since it is the general base that individuals around the globe have chance to learn things that didn’t learn previously. From everyday training grow significantly more to the world and that’s the motivation behind why innovation turned out to be additionally more create in light of the fact that individuals by doing research they are learning substantially more than they anticipated. Likewise while they are building up their insight they are additionally engaging themselves. Innovation in the globalization training permits certain individuals or countries around the globe to remain closes. In addition, we as a general public are wrecking our children’s right to quality training. By presenting the normalize test we have just achieve one objective; showing our youngsters how to step through an examination. It doesn't make a difference in the event that they know the correct answer it is different decision they have a one out of four possibility of taking care of business. Normalize testing powers instructors to teach kids one way. Youngsters need imagination to learn. Our schools are going a similar way with the normalize test. Since youngsters learn in various manners, we should present various styles of learning strategies into our schools. One approach to do this is to energize greater imagination in instruction. The absence of inventiveness in educating has been a huge issue as of late. The report featured that youngsters benefit from utilizing innovative abilities and by having these aptitudes created. It likewise proposed that imaginative instructing ought to be made piece of all scholarly training. This was the first occasion when that this issue had been completely perceived. In light of this report, the administration has recognized the hugeness of building up the innovative aptitudes of kids, as these could get basic in future work environments. The Nation Curriculum perceives that numerous businesses need and need imaginative individuals: ‘Schools that advance innovativeness will guarantee that students react emphatically to circumstances and obligations and are better ready to deal with new difficulties just as change and trouble. Imagination assists educators with conveying the scholastic educational program to understudies in an engaging way. Further progressively, another essential wellspring of learning is innovation. Presently a day, innovation has become a significant segment in instruction. Particularly the Internet that has permitted the world to impart and permits even the individuals who can't peruse to instruct particularly if the individual can't go to class. They can do all their examination on the web. Ordinary programming makes individuals lives simpler and enhances the innovation. Making lives simpler isn't, be that as it may, the main job innovation plays in our lives however it shows us things we didn’t know and causes us learn more than we suspected we couldn’t t learn. Innovation is assuming an expanding job in training. As innovation propels, it is utilized to profit understudies of any age in the learning procedure. As innovation progresses, understudies have better access to instructive open doors like these. When something new and better is uncovered, the more established innovation turns out to be increasingly moderate, permitting it to be utilized in instructive settings, in any event, when schools are on a limited financial plan. Innovation has likewise progressed to assist kids with night before they’ve began school. Instructive computer games and frameworks for small kids assist them with getting ready for school and now and again get a head start on their training. Despite these contentions, innovation is a significant piece of today’s society and instruction. All in all, there are numerous ways we can attempt to improve the world. For instance, not open to advancement, Teachers, and significantly more. Instruction is an indispensable piece of society in which everybody assumes a job. It isn't just the job of guardians and educators to help a child’s training, yet in addition the job of the entire society to give a structure of living that underpins what is being instructed. Instruction is the route through everything. Fortunate for us we have innovation and significantly more to assist us with overcoming instruction, so let’s not squander the benefit of training we have and pick up something so we can improve a future.

The Best Advice for First Time Entrepreneurs

The Best Advice for First Time Entrepreneurs 2. ADVICE FOR EXECUTION STAGEYou’re done planning; now you’re ready to start hiring, marketing and selling. Here are some things to keep in mind.BE LEANMost first-time entrepreneurs confuse being lean with being cheap. Don’t be cheap. You need to learn how to prioritize spending and spend on the essentials from day one, but company retreats might not be an essential. This will vary for each business model. Remote teams, for instance, need to be brought together at least once a year because it helps boost morale. Company retreats might not be as important if all of your staff sits in one location. Learn how to tell the difference between the important and not-so-important expense for your business model.HIRE THE RIGHT PEOPLEPeople will make or break your company. When you start out, hire the first 50 people yourself. Don’t depend on someone else (an HR manager perhaps) to start hiring independently, because regardless of their capability to take on the job, the company is too small for you to not be involved in each hire. Hire the people who are passionate about the product or company, hire the ones you fit into your company culture, and hire them at the right time. The right team is everything. One of the first hires you might want to consider is an office manager to take care of day to day tasks like mail management, office bills, catering etc.DONT OUTSOURCE YOUR CORE COMPETENCYAnything Core you should keep in-house, anything Context you should outsource. For example, Porsche (the car manufacturer and a company that seeks  perfection) will never outsource  designing  and manufacturing the engine, however they are happy to outsource tires and mirrors.  â€" Via StartupQ8If you’re selling software, don’t outsource part of your product development. You will lose control over one of the most important things to your business. Remember not to outsource your core competency. Hire the right people to take care of it in-house.BUILD A COMPANY CULTUREThinking your company culture will evolve over time is a mistake. It might, but it might not end up being what you want. Sit down with your co-founder and figure out the kind of culture you want in your organization. List the ways you can develop it in your hires, or the traits your new hires must have to fit in. Many companies have a culture handbook that new hires will be asked to follow. Focus on this at the outset to have a motivated team in the long run.BE TRANSPARENTLots of traditional, widely accepted, and perfectly legal business practices just can’t be trusted by customers, and will soon become extinct, driven to dust by rising levels of transparency, increasing consumer demand for fair treatment, and competitive pressure Don Peppers and Martha Rogers in  Extreme Trust: Honesty as a Competitive AdvantageBe transparent with your team, consumers and investors. Being transparent builds trust. Your team will feel more involved in the management if you are open with them about your p lans and vision. Some companies go as far as to have open discussions about salaries and processes. Buffer recently shared their earnings dashboard with the public. Openness and transparency can be great things in a startup. Embrace them.KNOW YOUR STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSESYou may be very comfortable acknowledging your strengths, but what about your weaknesses? It is best to know your weaknesses before you start out, because you will be building a management team that fills those gaps. In fact, your co-founder can be a great yin to your yang.Don’t take on responsibilities that you know require something you cannot deliver on. For example, if you are not creative, maybe you need someone else working on product design? It’s important to write down all the things you can’t do, and find the right people to do those things for you.3. GENERAL ADVICE First time entrepreneurs can easily get overwhelmed with the plethora of advice, books, blogs and ideas out there on how they should be, look and feel about their startup. © Shutterstock.com | SingkhamIn this article, we’ve tried to provide the best advice for entrepreneurs available out there. We’re going to focus on different stages through the article, (1) planning, (2) execution, and (3) general. Of course, a lot of these tips can be applied to different stages, rather than just the one they are categorized under.1. ADVICE FOR PLANNING STAGEThere are many things that are more important while you are planning your startup. Let’s look at some advice that applies at this stage.ITS A MARATHON, NOT A SPRINTAnybody who’s in the startup game to build a real business with staying power must realize that it’s a marathon, not a sprint. Plan accordingly or you’ll fizzle out. Work at a pace that’s sustainable for the long term.  â€" Todd McKinnonYou’ve probably heard this before. What’s the difference? As a runner, I can tell you that a marathon requires extensive planning and forethought, as well as restraint during the actual run. If you g ive it your all in the first few miles (a marathon has 26.2), you will have nothing left for the rest of the race. In fact, the recommended rule is that the first half of the marathon be run a little slower than the second half.How does this apply to entrepreneurs? Don’t spend all your money in the first few months, before you have a guaranteed cash flow. Don’t hire too many people at the start, but build a core team initially and add more people as the business starts giving a return. Don’t work 24/7 for the first 3 months and then spend 6 months recuperating.FIND GREAT MENTORSIf you are looking to make your way in business, try to find a mentor. If you are in a position to share the skills you have learned, give something back by becoming a mentor yourself. â€" Richard BransonMentors are going to be a guiding light for you when things get tough. Whether you’re planning hiring, marketing, product development or looking for the perfect co-founder, having a mentor who can adv ise you is going to help you make the right decisions. Find a mentor who has experience in this industry, and can help you overcome your weaknesses. Having a mentor who has a great network he can promote your company to is an added benefit.FIND A GREAT CO-FOUNDERA co-founder can help you fill the gaps your weaknesses leave in the management team. Don’t be afraid to look for someone who has a different business focus (for example, you could work on product, and they could take care of marketing). However, do look for someone who has the same passion for the product as you do, and who believes in your overall vision for the company.DO WHAT YOU LOVEThe thing about following your passion is that you can align in with whatever you’re doing. People are always looking for the technology companies that have increased sophistication and that are easily scalable. But, let’s face it: passion is scalable. Adriana LopezIf you’ve read this far, you probably have a great idea you are pass ionate about. That’s one of the most important things. You must be doing something you are passionate about, that you won’t feel like abandoning when the going gets tough. Try and create something that solves a problem you feel passionate about solving. If you’re passionate about the product, it will make it that must easier to sell the vision to investors, customers, and even your team.HAVE A GREAT ELEVATOR PITCHYou never know when you’ll meet a potential investor, or even potential customer. Be prepared with an elevator pitch. It’s a summary of what your startup does and the problem it solves, but it needs to be short and sweet, about the length of an elevator ride. Think and write out what you’d want to let people know if you only had a minute, and then practice it.[slideshare id=15664598doc=tipsfordeliveringanelevatorpitch-121216224717-phpapp01w=710h=400]BE PREPARED TO PROVE YOURSELFFirst time entrepreneurs tend to be young, but at the minimum, they seem inexperience d. Startups tend to be run by young people, and investors sometimes see this as a disadvantage. Be ready to prove that you’re capable of running the show, and that your team has the expertise it needs to get their job done.HAVE A CLEAR VISIONBefore you can even start planning, you need to have an over-arching vision for your product or company. Once you start planning properly, it might change a bit, but you should be sure of what it is you want to achieve, or the problem your product will solve. Break it down into measurable goals that will help you measure how far you’ve come or how successful you’re being. Whether it is 5 sales in the first quarter or 50, you need to have an idea of how far you’ve come.SET S.M.A.R.T. GOALSSlightly connected to the last point, but also different. You need to learn how to set S.M.A.R.T goals. These are Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-Bound. Once you have these goals, you can increase your focus on reaching them. Set goals f or different areas of your company, from HR to sales.2. ADVICE FOR EXECUTION STAGEYou’re done planning; now you’re ready to start hiring, marketing and selling. Here are some things to keep in mind.BE LEANMost first-time entrepreneurs confuse being lean with being cheap. Don’t be cheap. You need to learn how to prioritize spending and spend on the essentials from day one, but company retreats might not be an essential. This will vary for each business model. Remote teams, for instance, need to be brought together at least once a year because it helps boost morale. Company retreats might not be as important if all of your staff sits in one location. Learn how to tell the difference between the important and not-so-important expense for your business model.HIRE THE RIGHT PEOPLEPeople will make or break your company. When you start out, hire the first 50 people yourself. Don’t depend on someone else (an HR manager perhaps) to start hiring independently, because regardless of th eir capability to take on the job, the company is too small for you to not be involved in each hire. Hire the people who are passionate about the product or company, hire the ones you fit into your company culture, and hire them at the right time. The right team is everything. One of the first hires you might want to consider is an office manager to take care of day to day tasks like mail management, office bills, catering etc.DONT OUTSOURCE YOUR CORE COMPETENCYAnything Core you should keep in-house, anything Context you should outsource. For example, Porsche (the car manufacturer and a company that seeks  perfection) will never outsource  designing  and manufacturing the engine, however they are happy to outsource tires and mirrors.  â€" Via StartupQ8If you’re selling software, don’t outsource part of your product development. You will lose control over one of the most important things to your business. Remember not to outsource your core competency. Hire the right people to ta ke care of it in-house.BUILD A COMPANY CULTUREThinking your company culture will evolve over time is a mistake. It might, but it might not end up being what you want. Sit down with your co-founder and figure out the kind of culture you want in your organization. List the ways you can develop it in your hires, or the traits your new hires must have to fit in. Many companies have a culture handbook that new hires will be asked to follow. Focus on this at the outset to have a motivated team in the long run.BE TRANSPARENTLots of traditional, widely accepted, and perfectly legal business practices just can’t be trusted by customers, and will soon become extinct, driven to dust by rising levels of transparency, increasing consumer demand for fair treatment, and competitive pressure Don Peppers and Martha Rogers in  Extreme Trust: Honesty as a Competitive AdvantageBe transparent with your team, consumers and investors. Being transparent builds trust. Your team will feel more involved in the management if you are open with them about your plans and vision. Some companies go as far as to have open discussions about salaries and processes. Buffer recently shared their earnings dashboard with the public. Openness and transparency can be great things in a startup. Embrace them.KNOW YOUR STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSESYou may be very comfortable acknowledging your strengths, but what about your weaknesses? It is best to know your weaknesses before you start out, because you will be building a management team that fills those gaps. In fact, your co-founder can be a great yin to your yang.Don’t take on responsibilities that you know require something you cannot deliver on. For example, if you are not creative, maybe you need someone else working on product design? It’s important to write down all the things you can’t do, and find the right people to do those things for you.3. GENERAL ADVICESome advice applies to you, no matter what stage your startup might be in. Let’s l ook at some things you should be keeping in mind, no matter what you’re doing.NETWORK. NETWORK. NETWORK.You never know who you will meet at a lunch or dinner that could end up being an investor, mentor, or even the perfect new hire. Always opt to meet new people when possible. Attend events in the same industry, log onto webinars, and read other people’s work. Twitter and LinkedIn are great tools to network with likeminded people virtually.SURROUND YOURSELF WITH POSITIVE PEOPLE“Many people are like garbage trucks. They run around full of garbage, full of frustration, full of anger, and full of disappointment. As their garbage piles up, they look for a place to dump it. And if you let them, they’ll dump it on you.So when someone wants to dump on you, don’t take it personally. Just smile, wave, wish them well, and move on. Believe me. You’ll be happier.” â€" David J. PollayYou’d be surprised by how many people will be negative, just to be negative. Unfortunately, there are many people who have a negative mindset, and it seeps through to other people. Surround yourself with happy, positive people instead. Negative people can be difficult to deal with, and take up too much energy to manage/interact with. People who like to focus on the positives are a better support for you when you start out with a new business.STAY HEALTHYWhile this doesn’t just apply to entrepreneurs, first-timers are more likely to work 20 hour days and then face burnout. Focus on your personal growth and fitness along with your professional journey. Take time out every day to exercise, meditate, and eat the right things. Everyone is different, and some people prefer yoga while others feel better after a weight-lifting session, so we won’t be biased. Anything you need to do to stay healthy, and focused, should be a priority.ASK QUESTIONS. LEARN.“Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.”  Mahatma GandhiNever stop asking questions. Be the y about your product and company, competition, or even personal growth related questions â€" ask. You can never be too old to learn new things. You can never read too much, or spend too much time on improving yourself. Read every day, follow thought leaders and read their blogs, network with people that interest you, and take part in new and exciting opportunities.BE OK WITH FAILURES, AND KNOW WHEN TO QUIT.Sometimes you’ve just had enough. Know when you have reached that point, and quit. Knowing when to give up is just as important is giving it your all at every point before then. Don’t be afraid of failure. Failure will often teach you the hard lessons you need to learn to make your next startup a success.Lets hear what advice leading entrepreneurs give to first time entrepreneurs.SETH GODIN RICHARD BRANSON

Annotated Bibliography on Self Image Essay examples

Bell, Amanda R. What Factors Affect Body Image In Teenage Girls. What Factors Affect Body Image 2013 The Autho,r goes on to describe how the media wheather telvesion, the movies or magazines play a big part in body image for teenage girls. She describles that it can be determental to their healt in so many ways. How young girls don’t get that much exercise and that can lead to wait gain. However sports can help to improve the body image of teenage girls. Also that even though caregivers and parents control these factors, young woman who face these daily challenges can help reserve the negativity. Family, National Institute on Media and the. Medias Effects on Body Image. n.d. The author, goes on to describe The most popular†¦show more content†¦Schiegel, Amanda Von. How the Media Affects the Self-Esteem and Body Image of Young girls. How the Media Affects the Self-Esteem and Body Image of Young girls (August 22 2012). The Author goes on to write, the media is going to get worse and put more pressure on the self body image and how it should†idealy look† There will always be damaging affects of eating disorders, depression, and physical depression but its up to them wheather or not they aregoing to let it affect them. They nrrd to remember that everyone feels that way some point in their life. The thing say see on TV are unrealistic and unhealthy America . He then goes on to write â€Å"We ourselves are the true ideal of the human body.† (Amozon)Younger, Beth. Learning Curves. Scarecrow Press 35 Image and Female Sexuality in Adult Literature (Scareco) Amozone July 2009. Younger’s superb overview of young adults books on the body image and Female sexuality in young aduldts literature has much to recommend it†¦This guideline to females in young adult literature is highly recommended. Drawing on a diverse set of text books spanning alost 70 years- including well known classics, novels now out of print, and seriesfiction- she makes acomplelling case for the cutural and developmental signifinace of the body of work†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ The book makes a unique contrubutionin recognizing thisShow MoreRelatedReflective Essay : Reflective Introduction1682 Words   |  7 PagesWriting 39B) class, I can acknowledge the changes and evolution in myself as a writer. In my Week 1 Self-Assessment, which was written at the beginning of the Writing 39C course in reflection to Writing 39B, I mentioned that one of my central strategies in my writing process is focusing on the pre-writing. My pre-writing process includes strategies such as brainstorming and outlin ing. 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The Effects Of Birth Control On Health Care - 1729 Words

By allowing women to maintain their right to have free access to birth control, it not only prevents unwanted pregnancies but it also protects women who suffer from reproductive issues, by lessening the side effects of their conditions. If that right were to be revoked or taken away, it would put reproductive health care system back into the dark ages. Maintaining the right to have free access to birth control and other reproductive health services protects not only ourselves, but future generations from the pain and heartache that happens because of lack of preventative and emergency reproductive services. Under the Affordable Care Act, accessing birth control has been more achievable than what it once was; it required that all insurance companies provide preventative measures at no cost, as well as cover other preventative services. Despite a possible looming change on the political spectrum in the near future, the probability that birth control will become less accessible seems rather unlikely. Even if changes do occur during the Trump Administration, many insurance providers would still provide it for no additional cost. Margot Sanger-Katz author of the article â€Å"No, Access to Free Birth Control Won’t Be Lost, at Least†¦Ã¢â‚¬  provides some insight as to why insurance companies would want to keep providing birth control at no cost to the customer: [t]here s a financial incentive for covering birth control, and insurance companies know it. Unlike most preventive healthShow MoreRelatedBirth Control Is The Practice Of Preventing Unwanted Pregnancies1177 Words   |  5 Pagesprocess to obtain birth control pills. According to merriam-webster.com, birth control is the practice of preventing unwanted pregnancies; it used all around the world. 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Her mother birth eighteen children and out of the eighteen, eleven survived. As a result of having so many children, her mother

Supernatural Elements Of The Nineteenth Century - 1693 Words

The beginning of the nineteenth century was also the start of a legendary movement in literature, known as Romanticism. Authors during this period created their own worlds by using their imaginations. Individuals no longer saw themselves a measure of everything around them, but rather as one more component of the great source of life and creativity: nature. The Romantics placed emphasis on emotions such as apprehension, terror, and awe as an authentic source of aesthetic experience, as well as the feelings that accompany confronting the sublimity and beauty of nature, especially. Supernatural elements are not present in all Romantic literature; however, the supernatural approach was an important and arguably crucial strategy for Romanticism to achieve its purposes. In order to fully understand how supernatural themes played such a large role in Romanticism, we must further explore what Romanticism really is. This spiritual and artistic movement rejected rationalism, and emerged as a reaction against ‘the age of enlightenment’, which put strong emphasis on reason and logic. Thus, for the Romantics, literary creation was what the artist produced after reconstructing or developing a new interpretation of the world around him. It was the offspring of imagination applied to the writer’s impressions of real life. Authors such as Coleridge, Blake, and Shelley, believed that literary creation was the product of transforming reality into something beyond reason, but not beyond theShow MoreRelatedUse of Gothic Elements in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre1740 Words   |  7 PagesUSE OF GOTHIC ELEMENTS IN CHARLOTTE BRONTES ‘JANE EYRE Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre was published in the middle of the nineteenth century. Bronte was greatly influenced by the Gothic novels that were in fashion before the time of Jane Eyre. The Gothic novel was popularised in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and was defined by its use of suspense, supernatural elements, and desolate locations to generate a gloomy or chilling mood. The protagonist of the novel would generallyRead MoreUse of Gothic Elements in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre1729 Words   |  7 PagesUSE OF GOTHIC ELEMENTS IN CHARLOTTE BRONTES ‘JANE EYRE Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre was published in the middle of the nineteenth century. Bronte was greatly influenced by the Gothic novels that were in fashion before the time of Jane Eyre. The Gothic novel was popularised in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and was defined by its use of suspense, supernatural elements, and desolate locations to generate a gloomy or chilling mood. 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NeoclassicismRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe And The Cask Of Amontillado1384 Words   |  6 Pagesstaples the theme of gothic literature. This essay will allow you to see the gothic elements Edgar Allan Poe uses through his most common poems. Gothic literature has many elements which play into its definition. The actual definition is a style of writing that is characterized by elements of fear, horror, death, and gloom. (19th Century) There are three main types of gothic literature. These are Victorian, 20th Century, and American literature. Based on Edgar Allan Poe stories and poems, he fits intoRead MoreGothic Elements In Jane Eyre872 Words   |  4 Pagesglobal widespread of dark, horrific elements in writing. Gothic literature creates imagination of supernatural events and feelings of mystery and fear. In Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Gothic novel, Jane Eyre, Jane’s character develops and perseveres past her difficult setbacks, finding her true love, Mr. Rochester, along her journey. 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The Autonomous University of the Barcelona - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss aboutThe Autonomous University of the Barcelona. Answer: The Autonomous University of Barcelona, SPAIN I would like to do the exchange program at the Autonomous University of Barcelona because the university is one of the best around the world in terms of research and excellence of academic training and performance. I have found several highly acclaimed research papers and thesis papers by the university that have been published in a number of international journals. I am pursuing my Bachelors degree in Arts majoring in economics. The Autonomous University of Barcelona has received a distinction from the Government of Catalonia for its Masters Programme on the subject, and the University System in Catalonia has recommended the mentioned degree for Accreditation with quality. The Masters Degree in Economic Analysis (IDEA) offered by the university prepares the pupils for a promising career ahead. Even the Bachelors degree in economics has best lecturers from around the globe. Hence, the course at the host university will give me an edge over others in McGill University by international exposure and excellence in training. The course will impact my life positively as I will have an option to understand the internationally acclaimed Masters degree program which I may pursue after completion of my Bachelors. Apart from that, I also aspire to pursue a career in law. The host university has an outstanding Bachelors degree program in Law where there are faculties having strong networks at different universities of excellence internationally. I can engage with the students and faculty and understand the possibilities and opportunities of the degree. When I return home, I can share my experiences at the host university and contribute towards a positive cultural assimilation between both the countries. Uppsala University, Barcelona I would like to apply for an exchange program at the Uppsala University in Sweden because the university is one of the topmost universities in Europe, featuring in the top 100 best universities worldwide in a number of credible and high profile international college rankings. The university is specialised at excellence in research and is the oldest in Sweden. The course at the host university will contribute substantially towards my Bachelors of Arts course, in which I am majoring in Economics, by helping me to understand the international scenario of economics and possibilities around it. I will be ahead of my peer group by getting international exposure. I also have an aspiration to study law after the completion of my Bachelors of Arts degree in which I want to specialise in Corporate Law or Business Law as it is known. The host university offers a detailed course in commercial law under the department of Business studies. The host university has been involved in many acclaimed research activities. Department of Business studies have been recently researching on the nullity of contract clauses under EU law. The study away will help me in understanding my aspirations well and I will be able to engage with students in the Department of Business who are studying commercial law, which will clear my vision about the subject. This will help me in my career that I want to pursue in commercial and corporate law. After returning to my home country, I will have broader vision about Swedish culture, which will help me in inter-cultural communication. I will help my family and friends to understand about the host University, Swedish people, and Sweden as a whole. Universidad Pontificia Comillas ICADE, Madrid, SPAIN I want to undertake the exchange program at Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid Spain because it is the topmost university in Spain having the most international exposure opportunities, and excellence in academic researches and programs. This university is the only one in Spain to appear in the Times Higher Education ranking 2013. It would be a fortunate opportunity for me to take part in the exchange program here. I am currently pursuing my Bachelor of Arts degree with Economics as the major subject. The universitys dedicated department for the study of Economics will help me to understand and delve deep into the details of the subject. There is a very famous Joint Masters in Economics and Management Network Industries which I will understand from the university faculty and contemplate upon the possibilities to take up as my higher education after my Bachelors. I also wish to pursue education in Law, specialising in Corporate Law. The faculty of Law in the host university has been providing superlative quality courses in the field. The department has a dedicated field of study for corporate law in which I can take part and learn. This will help me in my higher education after my completion of Bachelors. I have been always enticed by the Spanish lifestyle and culture. The study away will impact my life positively by allowing me to take quality education at one hand and mix with Spanish people and understand their culture at the other hand. I will get a boost in my career perspectives and possibilities by the international academic exposure. After returning to my home, I will transmit the values and quality of professionalism I will receive from the course at the host university. I will have a more culturally diverse understanding of people, which will help me to interact with different communities. University College of London, UK I want to pursue the exchange program at the prestigious University College of London, United Kingdom, because it is one of the largest and most respected educational institutions of the country. It is third highest in the total country in terms of total enrolment. It is consistently and regularly ranked in high positions in international rankings of universities of high credibility. I am currently pursuing my Bachelors of Arts in McGill University, with economics as my major subject and political science as the minor. The host university has a detailed and highly acclaimed three-year programme called the Philosophy and Economics BA, which provides a detailed training in economics along with a sound understanding in philosophy. This will give me a great benefit in my course, as the United Kingdom Government has ranked the University College of Londons Economic department top in the UK according to the Research Excellence Framework 2014. The study-away program will help me in my career because I also have the aspiration of studying Law after my completion of B.A degree, and the law department at the host university combines in the best way theories, researches, and practical application. Very well-known academics and researchers in the field of Law are working as faculties here, with whom I can interact and understand my possibilities of taking up corporate law as career option. When I return I will contribute to my community and peer group in a positive way imparting to them the knowledge I have received and by sharing the values and culture I have learnt from the country I have visited.

Ethnic studies and emigration

obsessive compulsive essays

obsessive compulsive essays The Anxiety Disorder Named Obsessive-Compulsive Personality The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fifth Edition ( ) describes Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) as a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control, at the expense or flexibility, openness, and efficiency, beginning by early adulthood. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) is not the same as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. OCD is actually a fairly common disorder that affects more than two per cent of the population in the United States. With OCPD, men and women are equally affected. The typical age of onset for boys is 6 to 15, while in women the age of onset is generally later, between 20 and 30 years of age. OCD is more common among people with higher education, IQ, and socioeconomic status. Some of the features of OCPD overlap with Type A personality, a condition characterized by anger, competitiveness, and a sense of constant time pressure. OCPD is characterized b y preoccupation with extreme orderliness and perfectionism, and a strong tendency towards interpersonal control. In this disorder, a person feels compelled to have things in his environment arranged in a very neat and particular manner. Subjects with eating disorders who reported perfectionism and rigidity in childhood had significantly higher rates of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and OCD comorbidity later in life, compared with eating disorder subjects who did not report those traits. These individuals might, for example, experience extreme anxiety if all the napkins are unorganized on the table, if the dishes have not been washed, or if shoes are disarranged. OCPD describes a disorder of perfectionism and inflexibility with symptoms that may include distress associated with indecisiveness and difficulty in expressing tender feelings, feelings of depression and anger ...

Technology in Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Technology in Education - Essay Example This essay stresses that one of the basic requirements to acquire education was that the teacher and the student had to meet physically and in a time bound frame where the student had the limited opportunity to go about a topic and learn as much as he or she may in a specific time domain. As the paper declare that resource availability to the teachers was limited where they may ensure their continuous learning process in order to transfer the updated and up-to-mark knowledge to the students. This barrier differed from area to area, resources to resources and interest to interest whereby one may want to acquire specific knowledge but couldn’t get approach to the required resources. Major way-outs to this in old times were library, books and scholars where a person may approach and quench his or her thirst for specific information or knowledge. With the advent of computers followed by internet mania, the whole scenario has changed so rapidly, that there is hardly any effort needed in general to approach the knowledge ,open to the rest of the world if interest is prevailing. Few decades before, one had to go through the piles of pages and put up a great deal of effort in order to find the piece of specific information he or she wants to know, however it is totally in the reach of the common person due to technological advancements. Search engines, growing libraries on the internet and virtually accessible databases have now turned down the biggest hurdle in acquiring knowledge that is the accessibility issue. As the time has passed over past few decades, the importance of technological advancement has remarkable increased as well. This has caused new ways of learning in education process. After the times of educating by the physical academic material, electronic era began. Personal computers ruled over the market for quite some time and then laptops became famous due to numerous reasons. One of the most common reasons is the mobility. Laptops motivate students and help to simplify for the students any complicated information, especially, in the subjects like science and math. Students can study conveniently by accessing class education at home due to mobility feature. However, this technology is cost effective and sometimes it is hard to cap ture the attention of all students and also to make sure that all of them are using their laptops to achieve what they are told in class. Not only academic and basic education, but also professional education has been excessively impacted in positive terms by the technological advancements over the past few decades. Different fields including medical, engineering, economics, technology and business studies have prospered because up-to-date information about each subject and domain can be easily accessed via laptops through internet. Wi-Fi technology has attracted not only students, but also teachers to work with complete attention on their laptops as wires irritate the users and users like students and professionals like teachers need panic-free environment to concentrate as they are in to academic world. However, there are also many disadvantages of using laptops in classrooms. Certainly, if a student has internet and laptop with him in teen-age, he / she might tend to open social networking sites, chatting applications where anyone can message them upon finding them online. This

Philosophy, theory and ethics in property Essay

Philosophy, theory and ethics in property - Essay Example It may be noted that the decline of traditional industries and population drift has left many properties surplus to requirement. Dilapidated and unmanaged empty buildings naturally create an atmosphere in which crime and vandalism can flourish; making the neighbourhoods less popular. Where older buildings have outlived their useful life demolition is the only viable option to provide more promising areas with the green spaces and rooms for parking, which is the modern requirement. Though it is essential to build new homes or business establishments, we must utilise the existing stock and provide opportunity to continue the business and job opportunity to the original occupants. Encouraging a mix of uses is the core of sustainable and vibrant communities as people living in town centres bring custom to shops and other businesses which will prevent the empty space becoming deserted and potentially unsafe at night. In this context private sector can play an important role in constructiv e utilisation of land, property, and resources to deliver better service to the society. When considering a property for development and converting into retail commercial units the potential for conflict of interest between commercial and residential use needs to be considered. Once the property has been identified the developer will need to carry out a basic feasibility study, looking at the likely costs against expected revenue and increase in property value, to determine whether or not the scheme is going to be financially viable. Service of residential agents can provide individual inspections of buildings, feasibility report for viable conversion, and help bring empty properties back into use. An application for listed building consent has to be submitted to the local planning authority before going for changes that affect character of the building and the premises. It is also necessary to adhere to local guidelines on demolition of old buildings, taking prior permission from the authority and stake holders, if any, and approving development plan. There is a growing importance for regional level planning due to growing scale of daily life, particularly in the major urban regions; the increasing need to integrate planning of urban and rural area; and more pluralistic societies. It may be seen that along with population growth there is increasing demand for mobility, accessibility, and redefined quality of place, which necessitate more effective planning aimed at nature preservation, water management, sustainable environment, and cultural heritage. Societal developments are now connected with international developments and a new balance is needed between city and countryside, between nature and landscape, between infrastructure and environment, and regional and international development. An integrated approach to sustainable development will enable efficient, effective, consistent, and coordinated input plans and strategies to address rural issues that incorporate natural, built and historic environment into the strategies and p lans. "The Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 introduces fundamental changes to the planning system" (van den Berg, 2005). It necessitates spatial structure of vital, but uncontrollable, metropolises to be improved for accommodating multicultural/multiethnic populations, new economic systems, and modern lifestyles. Thus, major actors involved in spatial planning

Changes in UK Labour Productivity: Analysis

Changes in UK Labour Productivity: Analysis Introduction The Agents’ scores for capacity constraints: The series of scores inside the Agents’ Summary of Business Conditions, which is generated by 12 regional officies (Agencies), is a tool for Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) to track the underlying trend in economic factors. The Agents in each region gather the information on economic conditions from their contacts, then judge what value to score subjectively. The scores are the simple way that Agents alter the intelligence they gathered before into a quantitative assessment of the economy over time (Colin Ellis, Tim Pike, 2005). Figure 1: Capacity Constraints Scores in Agents Summary of Business Conditions from Jan, 1998 to Sept, 2014 (Source: Bank of England) Most of the scores are based on a comparison of recent months with the same period a year earlier, however, there are some exceptions like employment intentions or capacity constraints, which are looking forward. The scores range from -5 to +5 with -5 is denoted that rapidly decreasing level and +5 is rapidly growth. In this case, a positive score in Capacity Constraints means that companies face with a little or no pressure on capacity demand and vice versa. In the chart above, it can be seen that there are two downward sloping periods between 2009 and 2013 when were the double-dip recession occurred in the UK. The trend also illustrates an improving progress within a year recently, with a rise of 0.6 points on both sectors. The UK productivity puzzle Productivity experience in cross-country and historical views: The Global Financial Crisis (GFC) in 2007-2008 has caused a significant damage to the economy of most developed countries in the world, including the UK. The decline in output has led to a considerable decline in labor productivity in the UK. Labor productivity has been improving from 2013, but it still be less than its pre-crisis level of around 16% (see Figure 2 below). This shortfall can be referred as the â€Å"UK productivity puzzle and it has took a great effort from economists in order to explain the situations, however, it has yet to be answered completely so far. Figure 2: The UK Labour Productivity (1998-2013). Sources: Moneymovesmarket.com It can be seen from figure 3 that a weaker performance in labour productivity during the latest recession than all previous post-war recessions. In all recessions before, the first fall in productivity was usually short-lived and the productivity began to increase and regained its peak level after just only almost a year and a half. Figure 3: Productivity per person after UK recessions (Source: Office for National Statistics) However, this latest episode did not see the same stories as its two previous. Between early 2009 and mid-2010, the productivity made a rise of of approximately one percent and continually levelled off and it did not rise further over the next year as both output and employment saw really slow recoveries.At the time of Q3/2011, the employment was rising sharply while the growth of GDP has shrinked (see Appendix), therefore creating a renew decrease in labour productivity. As a result, the UK productivity still be underneath its pre-recession peak around 4 percent. One remarkable point is that the increasing employment and the weak labour productivity seem to be an odd thing to see among the GFC. If the business is expected to stay weak typical companies will shed labour to boost productivity up. The productivity weakness of the UK is also unusual when comparing with some international stories for recent years. Despite their increasing growth before the GFC, it has been significantly weaker than some high-income countries’ economy. Looking at figure 4, it is easily seen that the UK productivity performance was consistent with that of other countries suggests that some common factors might be involved.Nevertheless, as mentioned above, there has been a downward slope in UK productivity in mid-2011 which was not encountered to the same level elsewhere.The weak productivity of Germany is due to the unusual strong employment referred to the past. One additional point is that only Italy has the similar trend with the UK, showing the impact of GFC on their labour productivity. There are some reasons why these comparison might exaggerate the productivity puzzle’s size. Measurement inaccuracy could take account for a very small piece of productivity weakness. Moreover, expenditure on research and development (RD) is considered as a part of GDP, therefore GDP can be lifted by around 1.5% points. Another reason here is that the decrease in North Sea oil and gas output (see Appendix) slowed trend growth in labour productivity in this sector. In total, although the measurement issues can explain up to 4% point of the shortfall in productivity there are lots of things to research the remaining. Figure 4: Labour productivity per person across countries between 1999 and 2013 Source: Thomson Reuters Datastream, Eurostat and ONS Cyclical explanations on productivity shortfall Lower factor utilisation as a result of weak demand conditions The first hypothesis suggests that weakness in productivity is cyclical in nature, driven by weak demand conditions. Firms are unable or unwilling to shed labour or dispose of capital but sometimes, they are not as productive as they might have been. The difference between the lower utilisation level and more normal levels of capacity utilisation is called â€Å"spare capacity within firms†. The first reason for this hypothesis is that they need to keep business going by holding a minimum level of staffs, so-called ‘overhead labour’. Therefore, some firms might not have been able to cut employment below the minimum base, like the guards for the construction until it is sold, for example. Anothing reason should be remarked here is that companies believe the weak demand is temporary. In past experiences, companies made decisions to having fired workers in the early stages of the recession. Conversely, they found it hard to find workers with the appropriate, firm-specific skills. Thus, they missed the opportunities to make a breakthrough on the market. Recently, companies might desire to ‘hoard’ underutilised workers to avoid those lessons from the past. From 2007 to 2012, the proportion of reduced output companies but holding employment rose from about 20 percent than the pre-crisis period (see figure 5). It also suggests that these holding action of firms contributed to the decrease in productivity measured, shown by the diamonds in the chart. Figure 5: Proportion of reduced output firms but holding labour (from 2005-2012). Source: ONS and Bank calculations Spare capacity is measured in the business survey that provide a significant degree of idle capacity within companies in the initial stages of the crisis. However, this business survey just uses the qualitative methods, thus it did not capture the amount of spare capacity in each firm. One additional thing is all answers are subjective so it can be changed over time. It might take no effect on the size of the UK productivity puzzle. Other cyclical factors Some sectors had diverted the resources toward activities which is not immediately counted as output. Consequently, it cannot tribute to the total productivity. In contrast, there are some point which indicated that the cyclical hypothesis alone cannot fully explain the productivity puzzle. Effect of persistent factors on productivity puzzle Tangible and intangible capital investment effects on the shortfall The consequences of the GFC made the firms’ desire in investment in physical capital more difficult because the tighter credit conditions may lead to a higher cost to obtain finance. The stagnated situation in this period also made investments become less efficient, causing directly the material deterioration in the capital stock of worker. Moreover, a considerable fall in real wages during the crisis (see Appendix) while the cost of capital went up have led the relative cost of labour to capital to be decreasing. Hence, it have provided a motivation to switch to use labor-intensive business and companies decided to increase the labour working hours. However, the production output did not go up due to the low demand conditions, therefore the productivity has been decreased. Firms also invest in ‘intangible capital’ which include some types like intellectual property rights or brand names, etc. One main point here is the strong relationship between two types of capital investment mentioned above. For example, the innovated implementation can be processed alongside the introduction of plants and machinery. However, RD expense is considered as the innovation input; that means even though firms have invest a huge amount of money but without new valuable output, which are some types of product or process innovation, there will be an inverse impact on the productivity. According to the data of the UK Innovation Survey, there has been a fall of about 30% in both product and process innovation among the crisis despite an increasing trend in spending budget on RD (see figure †¦). These capital channels have explained a considerable proportion, about 3 to 4 percentage points, of the shortfall in the UK. Impaired resource allocation and the higher firm survival Figure 6: Decomposition of the UK Labour Productivity (2004-2012). Source: ONS and Bank calculations. Looking at the graph above, it is seen that there is a downward sloping trend in the contribution from reallocation, as a result of higher insolvencies or firing behavior (Riley et al, 2014), and its contribution decreased even further, becoming minor between 2010 and 2012. As mentioned above, uncertainty have made firms more wary when investing and labour reallocation. Moreover, the financial system have played a role to have impaired the movement of resources through two channels: impaired capital allocation and higher firm survival. Broadbent (2012, 2013) declares that considerable changes in rates of return on capital across sectors might not be associated with the following movements of capital stocks. In addition, Barnett et al (2014b) highlight an economic model with multiple firms and sectors to analyse that a high price dispersion might be used to explain the productivity loss with around 3 to 4 percentage point. According to Arrowsmith et al (2013), there has been a bank forbearance which provide the measures of support to firms struggling to meet its debt obligations. Although the direct impact have been a little at around one percentage point, the overall impact might have been greater because the widespread effect of the forbearance in the whole sector. Moreover, Arrowsmith et al (2013) indicated that the low level of Bank rate has supported to retain the borrowing costs for firms fairly low. The unusually low rate of firm collapse is to have lowered labour productivity by up to 5 percentage points. Relationship between the labour productivity and monetary policy decision The outlook for inflation in the medium-term depends on the balance of demand and supply in the economy. In theory, if supply is greater than the goods and services that people demand, prices will tend to fall and vice versa. Hence, the MPC should make an assessment about up-to-date indicators and prediction in supply, as well as demand. In recessions, demand typically falls by more than supply. An output gap opens up – the economy can supply more than is currently demanded. And unless that gap is closed, it will push down on costs and prices. But assessing the size of the output gap is very difficult, for exactly the reasons we have been discussing today. Early estimates of economic activity can be revised substantially, so it is hard to know just how weak demand and output really are. And it is equally difficult to know the extent to which the supply potential of the economy has been affected by the recession. 1 | Page

An Era of Inhumanity :: American America History

An Era of Inhumanity Writers differ in the purpose for which they write. Some aim to entertain, but the more serious and skilled writers usually have the goal of expressing a serious idea. Writers such as Hariet Beecher Stowe and Alex Haley are writers who write for more than mere entertainment. Uncle Tom's Cabin, written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, had a political purpose. Stowe intended to help America realize the inhumanity of slavery and the pain it brought upon African-Americans by writing a melodramatic novel. She despised the South for practicing slavery and the North as well for their prejudice against blacks. Roots was written by Alex Haley in search of his origin. His hunger for knowledge of who he was and who his ancestors were inspired him to carry out numerous years of research and countless interviews in order to finish his book. Although Alex Haley wrote Roots in search of his origin and Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin for a political purpose, both authors lead readers to sympa thize with the predicaments of African-Americans by putting a human face, as well as a racial one on the tragedy of slavery, thus involving all readers in the inhumanity of the institution. In Uncle Tom's Cabin we are cordially introduced to Uncle Tom. He is a "large, broad-chested, powerfully-made man, of a full glossy black, and a face whose truly African feature [are] characterized by and expression of grave and steady good sense, united with much kindliness and benevolence"(Stowe 24). By her description of Tom, Stowe contradicts the common stereotype that blacks are savages and inhumane by giving Uncle Tom the characteristics of an ideal, honest man. He is described as being "kind" and "benevolent" as well as having an "expression of good sense". Stowe also portrays Uncle Tom as a perfect being. It seems as if his personality is without a flaw and seems too good to be true. By giving Uncle Tom this flawless characteristic, Stowe is able to show that he too is human although his difference in skin color. As one is introduced to the setting of Uncle Tom's cabin, one feels at home and very relaxed. Aunt Chloe's cooking of various tasty dishes adds to the serene environ ment of the cabin and as we see Uncle Tom learning how to read and write from his young "Mas'r George," it seems as though there are no worries, hardships are unknown, and an utopia exists within the walls of the cabin.

How and to what extend has sociological theorising enhanced my understanding of ’deviance’ and social control

Reflective Summary In may own thinking, I found out that human beings are social individuals and therefore, more often than not, their behaviour raises certain critical concerns. These issues need to be handled with utmost care in order to achieve social harmony. Social harmony implies healthy relationships and to a great extent, it is essential for any productive society. However, issues of deviance are a common feature that the society has grappled with since time immemorial. In this regard, I deduced that there is a relationship between society and deviance.Becker (1991), states that deviance is such activities or mannerisms that contravene the societal norms and customs. These norms include both formally established rules as well as informal rules that are socially respected. The formal rules are recognized on a wider scale and are usually referred to as law. They are also more elaborate and known to different communities. In addition, they are usually enforced by a governing bod y that has some level of authority over the rest. Hence, contravening those amounts to a crime (Anderson, 1997).Informal norms on the other hand are recognized by specific parts of the society and are more localized. Basically, each community has its established customs that act as checks to the behaviour of its individuals. They are adhered to by the members of the specific community that has its own way of punishing the people breaking them. These norms, both formal and informal are very dynamic and contextual in nature. To this effect, they are defined by the society that an individual belongs. Hence, Eugene and Muncie (2003) explain that some actions can be perceived deviant in some communities and not deviant in others.However, irrespective of the context, the societal customs are fundamental in enhancing social cohesion. This formed the basis of my thinking on the subject and developed an argument that deviance is socially constructed and correlates to the kind of adopted soci al control mechanism. In this regard, sociological theorizing has helped understand well the concept of how is deviance socially constructed and how to control it based on sociological perspective. Therefore, the identified literature and the foundation of my thoughts shall closely examine social construction of deviance and social control in line with criminological theorizing.Social Construction of Deviance Anderson (1997) indicates that deviance is a relative component of societies that largely manifests itself through behaviour. According to him, it is a normal aspect of any social relationships and it comes about as a result of the different relationships that human beings enjoy. Behaviour is a vital element of relationships that largely contributes to the manifestation of deviance in the society. According to Eugene and Muncie (2003), it entirely influences the health of relationships because if unsound, it leads to incidences of conflict.Conflicts, being a healthy aspect of s ocial relationships help the manifestation of deviance to come to the fore, either as causative agents or as measures used to solve them (Downes and Rock 2003:78). Notably, deviance creates disorder in a given society by affecting in many ways the functions of the same. It is known to have an impact on the existing societal principles. However, Anderson (1997) explains that not all deviant behaviour has negative implications on the existing norms. According to him, some deviance can bring about positive change in the society and help the society adapt to modernization.For instance, most traditional communities used to prescribe jobs depending on the sex of an individual. However, deviance to this has seen people take up any type of job and today, qualifications as opposed to sex determines which jobs different people take up. To this respect, it is notable that deviance helps individuals embrace change accordingly by adjusting the present rules to be in line with the societal expect ations. Deviance forms a significant part of human behaviour and therefore seemingly, it can not be completely eliminated from the society.The role it plays in the shaping human behaviour makes it one of the key determinants of the frequency of deviance in the society (Becker 1991:48). It should be appreciated that behaviour is a basic element of social relationships and thus deviance, through its incorporation in behaviour, is largely a component of social relationships. Deviance is a process that takes time to develop as well as manifest basically through acts of opposition (Becker, 1991: 108). As a result, it also takes the authorities’ time to address it accordingly and satisfactorily.Time is an essential aspect of social events as it is through this that they are manifested. Arguably, deviance, being the sole event here, is a social event. Downes and Rock (2007) acknowledge that deviance is an aspect that undergoes a series of phases before it can have an impact on the g iven society. They explain that before it begins to develop in the mind of an individual, societies often tend to be in harmony. At this stage, individuals therein have some common knowledge and perception of the norms that govern them.In addition, the individuals in the society at this level hold ‘their’ norms in high regard (Downes and Rock, 2007: 89). The first trigger of this process is the introduction of an external aspect from elsewhere that initiates differences with regard to perception. However, manifestations of deviance take time and therefore at this level, societal order is still maintained. The second stage is when individuals try to justify whether the aspect should be accepted or not. Usually, this stage attracts a body of knowledge and the aspect is wholly defined, as well as related to the normal life (Becker 1991: 59).In addition, an effort is made to make the society acknowledge that knowledge is a continuous process that should be mainstreamed in t he normal way of life. The next step is the internalization of the aspect. Here, the aspect is learned by the society and entrenched into its system. It is accepted by all stakeholders and institutionalized as a normal aspect of the way of life in that particular society. According to Anderson (1997), both the authorities and the locals uphold the basic elements of the aspect. At this level, social order is still enjoyed because manifestations of deviance are yet to begin.In addition, on a larger scale, this aspect is considered as a norm upheld by the society. It should be appreciated that despite this, there exists individual perceptions that are varied and that that counter this general view. These varied views are the key aspects of deviance and with time, they manifest. The final step is when the workability of the aspect is disputed by the individuals whose initial perception was contrary to the rest. At this stage, individuals develop opposing opinions and behaviour (Downes a nd Rock 2007: 84).This is the final stage of deviance and it is what leads to the disruption of the societal operations. This comes about as a result of the individuals with varied perceptions to the aspect, also referred to as moral entrepreneurs, openly manifesting their views. This then initiates change in the society after a series of consultative and informative sessions by all stakeholders. Social Control Social control as formed by the rich literature refers to the tools that are used to make human behaviour in a given society be consistent to the norms and regulations of the given society (Keel, 2008: 201).These tools are basically acknowledged and employed by the specific society to enhance social relationships. However, according to Keel (2008), some tools are cross societal and are internationally recognized and appreciated by all cultures and societies. According to Keel (2008), I have identified two dimensions of social control mechanisms: informal and formal. Informal social controls refer to certain principles that are defined by a society and those that check the behaviour of individuals at a personal level (Anderson, 1997: 296).According to Anderson (1997), they are usually part of a person’s personality and have proven to be more effective in controlling behaviour than the formal ones. These include aspects like religion. Religion usually prescribes some kind of behaviour that is usually socially and morally acceptable. It aims at upholding the values and virtues that are morally upright. By adhering to the propositions of religion, individuals are able to relate well and therefore achieve social cohesion. Those that do not uphold the teachings of religion are looked down upon by the entire society.This act encourages people to act in accordance to the teachings of religion and thereby enhance socially acceptable relationships. Another most common mechanism that is widely employed across cultures to shun unacceptable behaviour is ridic ule. Keel (2008) considers it a shameful act that most individuals can not bear. It is usually unlikely that a person who is ridiculed will at any time repeat the act as this has a negative impact on the guilt of a person. Customs are also often used in regulating deviant behaviour (Anderson 1997).It is because they prescribe a standard code of conduct that should be followed by the society. Persons who break these rules face various punishments administered by the societal leaders on behalf of the entire society. For instance, in some societies, individuals whose behaviour contravenes the provisions of the customs are usually sent away, given physical punishments or asked to pay fines. Discrimination is also widely employed in regulating conduct. To this effect, most people find it difficult to associate with individuals who have socially unacceptable behaviour (Eugene and Muncie 2003:45).This is due to the fear of picking up the same or the fear of being caught on the wrong side o f the law. Increasingly, social misfits are being isolated and more often, they do not freely interact with the rest of the society. Discrimination makes such individuals feel victimized and as such, they are able to correct their behaviour accordingly (Becker 1991: 69). The society also highly criticizes unacceptable behaviour. Criticism can have a very negative impact on the personality of a person because it highly damages the confidence of a person and not so many people are usually ready to experience this (Keel, 2008).Therefore, it is a measure that is widely employed by different societies to control the behaviour of their people. In addition, the society can directly disapprove any socially unacceptable behaviour. Persons contravening social norms can be directly forewarned by for instance parents and other relatives. This move makes the people to change accordingly and adapt behaviour that is in line with societal expectations. There are formal measures that are also adopte d to check the behaviour of individuals and groups in the society. In states that value social equity, Eugene and Muncie (2003, p.52) argue that all the individuals of the respective society are given equal chances to contribute to the establishment of the laws. These laws either directly or indirectly reward individuals whose behaviour corresponds with the societal rules and expectations. They also rebuke the kind of behaviour that is not in line with the expectations of the society. These measures are usually created by the law enforcement agencies in consultation with other major stakeholders. They are always in form of laws that are official and legal.However, Keel (2008) points out that these laws may require a certain kind of force while enforcing them especially in instances where consultation was not done. Individuals who violate these are called criminals and are often punished according to the provisions of the laws (Eugene and Muncie: 2003: 54). Specifically, they are tak en to prisons from where they face their punishment. Erich and Angus (2008) explain that the level of punishment depends on the gravity of the crime that the individuals committed. On the contrary, their counterparts are always rewarded by the body that established the rules.Hence individuals in most instances work towards maintaining socially acceptable relationships and adhere to the rules and laws provided by the governing body. It should be appreciated that not all individuals who break the law are taken to prisons. According to Keel (2008), some are usually punished by making them pay fines to compensate for the damage caused. Further, not all individuals who commit crimes are arrested. At this juncture, it is worth noting that in many ways every individual is deviant. It is just that the level and type of deviance differs and it is this that differentiates crime from other forms of deviance.Social deviance and social controls have different implications on deviant behaviour. B y explicitly exploring the patterns of deviance in the society, Keel (2008) explains that one can be able to understand why some individuals are more deviant than others. The social controls are very important because through them one is able to indentify deviance and its root in a given society (Anderson 1997). This can certainly be achieved because the social controls aim at screening different types of behaviour. Consequently, deviant behaviour can easily be identified and regulated accordingly.Becker (1991) state that studying the realms of deviance helps one to understand that the behaviour is recurrent. As such, we are able to come up with people friendly measures that can help regulate this conduct as well as ensure that we benefit from it. Conclusion In conclusion, as opposed to my views before the study of perceiving deviance negatively, I realise that social deviance is an aspect that should be appreciated by the society and especially those in authority because of the rol e it plays in the growth of the society.In deed, without this, we could still be dwelling in the ancient eras. It is basic in highlighting aspects of change in the society and if well controlled, it should not pose any threats to the wellbeing of the same. Contrary to my knowledge that individuals who constantly experience deviance exhibit anomaly in their behaviour, is not really correct. In fact, I have discovered that social deviance is a very vital aspect of behavioural growth and it should be appreciated.

Spanish Short-Form Possessive Determiners or Adjectives

Possessive adjectives of Spanish, like those of English, are a way of indicating who owns or is in possession of something. Their use is straightforward, although they (like other adjectives) must match the nouns they modify in both number and gender. Basics About the Short-Form Possessives Unlike English, Spanish has two forms of possessive adjectives, a short form that is used before nouns, and a long-form possessive adjective that is used after nouns. They are often known as the possessive determiners. Here are the short-form possessive adjectives (sometimes known as possessive determiners): mi, mis — my — Compra mi piano. (She is buying my piano.)tu, tus — your (singular familiar) — Quiero comprar tu coche. (I want to buy your car.)su, sus — your (singular or plural formal), its, his, her, their — Voy a su oficina. (I am going to his/her/your/their office.)nuestro, nuestra, nuestros, nuestras — our — Es nuestra casa. (It is our house.)vuestro, vuestra, vuestros, vuestras — your (plural familiar) —  ¿Dà ³nde està ¡n vuestros hijos? (Where are your children?) Note that the possessive adjectives vary by number and gender. The change is with the nouns they modify, not with the person(s) who own or possess the object. Thus you would say his book and her book in the same way: su libro. Some examples: Es nuestro coche. (It is our car.)Es nuestra casa. (It is our house.)Son nuestros coches. (They are our cars.)Son nuestras casas. (They are our houses.) As you might imagine, su and sus can be ambiguous, since they can mean his, her, its, your, or their. If the use of su or sus doesnt make the sentence clear, you can use de followed by a prepositional pronoun instead: Quiero comprar su casa. (I want to buy his/her/your/their house.)Quiero comprar la casa de à ©l. (I want to buy his house.)Quiero comprar la casa de ella. (I want to buy her house.)Quiero comprar la casa de usted. (I want to buy your house.)Quiero comprar la casa de ellos. (I want to buy their house.) In some areas, de à ©l, de ella, and de ellos are preferred over su and sus for saying his, her, and their, even where no ambiguity is present. Different Forms of ‘Your’ One source of confusion for Spanish students is that there are eight words that can be translated as your, and they arent interchangeable. The come in only three groups, however, because of the distinctions Spanish makes for number and gender: tu/tus, su/sus, and vuestro/vuestra/vuestros/vuestras. The main rule here is that possessives can be classified as either familiar or formal in the same way the pronouns for you are. So tu and tus correspond in usage to tà º (not the written accent on the pronoun), vuestro and its numbered and gendered forms correspond with vosotros, and su corresponds with usted and ustedes. So if you were talking with someone about her car, you might use tu coche if she is a friend or relative but su coche if she is a stranger. Grammar Involving the Possessive Forms There are two common problems that English speakers often encounter with these adjectives: Overuse of the Possessive Adjectives The possessive adjectives are used in most cases in the same way as they are used in English. However, you should be aware that in many instances—especially when speaking of body parts, clothing and items intimately associated with an individual—Spanish uses the definite article (el, la, los or las), the equivalent of the, instead of possessive adjectives. Sam arregla el pelo. (Sam is combing his hair.)Ella juntà ³ las manos para orar. (She joined her hands to pray.)Ricardo rompià ³ los anteojos. (Ricardo broke his glasses.) Repetition of Possessive Adjectives: In English, it is common to use a single possessive adjective to refer to more than one noun. In Spanish, a single possessive adjective can refer to only one noun, unless the multiple nouns refer to the same persons or objects. For example, son mis amigos y hermanos would mean they are my friends and siblings (with the friends and the siblings being identical persons), while son mis amigos y mis hermanos would mean they are my friends and siblings (the friends not being the same people as the siblings). Similarly, my cats and dogs would be translated as mis gatos y mis perros. Key Takeaways The possessive adjectives (also known as possessive determiners) are used to indicate who owns or is in possession of something.The possessive adjectives are distinguished in number and sometimes gender of what is possessed.The possessive forms su and sus can mean his, hers, its, or your, so you must rely on context when translating.